Taft-Hartley Act

Taft-Hartley Act
Taft-Hartley Act
 
['tæft 'hɑːtlɪ-, auch 'tɑːft-], eigentlich Labor-Management Relations Act ['leɪbə 'mænɪdʒmənt rɪ'leɪʃnz ækt »Gesetz (zur Regelung) der Beziehungen zwischen Arbeitnehmern und Arbeitgebern«], von Senator R. A. Taft und dem republikanischen Abgeordneten Fred Allan Hartley jr. (* 1902, ✝ 1969) eingebrachtes und am 23. 6. 1947 gegen das Veto Präsidenten H. S. Trumans verabschiedetes Gesetz zur Novellierung des auf den New Deal zurückgehenden Wagner Act von 1935. Ziel war es, die Macht der Gewerkschaften einzuschränken. Der Taft-Hartley Act verbot u. a. die Koppelung von Arbeitsvertrag und Mitgliedschaft in der Gewerkschaft (Closed Shop) und die Unterstützung politischer Parteien durch die Gewerkschaften, gab dem Präsidenten die Möglichkeit, einen beschlossenen Streik 60 Tage aufzuschieben, und den Arbeitgebern bei Vertragsbruch oder Streikschäden das Recht, die Gewerkschaften gerichtlich zu belangen; deren Führer mussten zudem beeiden, nicht der Kommunistischen Partei anzugehören. Den Hintergrund des Taft-Hartley Acts bildete die zunehmende Furcht vor einer kommunistischen Beeinflussung der Gewerkschaften und das insgesamt antigewerkschaftliche Klima in den USA nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg.
 
 
R. A. Lee: Truman and Taft-Hartley (Westport, Conn., 21980).

Universal-Lexikon. 2012.

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